Safety Daily Adviser

From journal- Safety Daily Adviser

 

 

Do's and Don'ts of Safety Instructions

Topic: Training

As supervisor, you need to convey safety instructions to your employees. Whether it is in the form of a safety meeting, a quick demonstration, or in writing, your instructions must be clear and concise to be effective.

Oral Instructions Few supervisors realize that there is a knack to instructing. The way you speak has a lot to do with whether your instructions will be carried out. Here are some tips for making the most of your safety advice. DO: ·         Be specific. Tell the employee exactly what's expected of him or her. Telling someone to be �?ocareful�?� is too general. Instead, say �?oTurn off the machine before removing the guard,�?� or, �?oUse this tool for the job.�?� ·         Be confident. If you're sure of yourself and convey that feeling, you'll inspire respect and compliance from your employees. You can't act confidently if you are not fully versed on the safety procedures for every job in your area of responsibility. If you don't know or aren't sure about some of these procedures, find out. Take safety courses and read up on the topic. ·         Repeat the instructions. Employees can misunderstand instructions when someone gives them orally and speaks quickly. Also, English may be a second language for some workers. That's why it is important to repeat the instructions several times. Then ask the employees to explain what you just told them. You can even ask them to demonstrate what you just said. ·         Check to make sure. Next time you pass the area, make a point of observing if employees are carrying out your instructions. Correct them on the spot if they are not complying fully. Try a demo of BLR's remarkable new Employee Training Center at no cost or obligation. Here are some things to avoid when giving instructions. DON'T: ·         Don't give conflicting instructions. ·         Don't assume a worker understands what you said. ·         Don't get bogged down in excessive detail. Keep everything simple. Written Instructions Written handouts, safety posters, and signs are a great way of imparting important safety information. DO: ·         Use handouts during safety training sessions. ·         Provide handouts in English and another language if English isn't the native tongue for some of your employees. ·         Use posters to enhance your safety training. Effective posters grab your workers' attention with simple images that provide an instant impression. ·         Use pictures and messages in a combination that are easy to understand. ·         Place posters where employees gather, such as the lunchroom or break area. ·         Place safety signs close to the equipment or hazards that are the topic of the sign. ·         Point to the sign during training sessions, and explain the warnings and instructions. ·         Pick signs that utilize pictures or symbols effectively, rather than written instructions. DON'T: ·         Use posters as a substitute for a complete safety program. ·         Use scare tactics on posters. ·         Use too many signs in one area. Replace signs that are worn out. Remove signs where the hazard no longer exists. Follow these do's and don'ts to make your safety instructions as effective as possible at keeping your workers safe. Unlimited training—one low cost. Demo the new Employee Training Center, there's no cost or obligation. Why It Matters ·         Trained employees are safer employees. ·         Employees look to you for their safety training. ·         You need to follow effective communication techniques—both oral and written—to ensure that the safety message and instructions are understood and applied by your employees. The better a trainer you are, the safer your employees will be. REFERENCE Share Your Comments Update ::20-Jan-2016

Safety Daily Adviser

Unknown Monday, August 29, 2016

Heat Stress Prevention

Heat Stress Prevention  - Questions To Ask

During daily Tool-Box Talk and training sessions, use this set of questions to check that all your safety measures are in place.

Refer to the CS Leaflet:  ‘Supervisor’s Responsibilities For Heat Stress Prevention’.

	QUESTION	YES	NO
1.	Team Briefing At the start of every day, does the foreman always give a Tool-Box Talk?  During hotter weather, does it regularly include heat stress prevention topics?
2.	Monitoring Temperature & Humidity Does the company regularly monitor temperature & humidity (or have access to regular updated monitoring reports) to check if you are in the Red or Amber heat stress zones? Tip: If you do not know the heat stress zones, refer to the Saudi Aramco Construction Safety Manual Part 1 Chapter 13
3.	Changed Working Hours During hotter months, has the company changed the working hours, where possible, to avoid the hottest times of the day? If not, have they organized enough regular rest breaks when the heat stress zones hit Red & Amber? Rest Periods Given that on an average summers day (normally Red & Amber zones) crews should be working: Red Zone                     20 minutes work: 10 minutes rest Amber Zone                30 minutes work: 10 minutes rest For an 8 hour working day                                                For a 10 hour working day (2 hours overtime) Red Zone         5 ½ hours work: 2½ hours rest                      7    hours work: 3  hours rest   Amber              6    hours work: 2 hours rest                        7½  hours work: 2½  hours rest
4.	Shaded Or Cool Rest Areas Does the team have a place which is shaded from the sun to rest or have a ‘chill-out area’ to relax?   Note:  Ideally the shaded area should be air conditioned where possible. What are the arrangements for lunch break – do employees have access to a building with AC to rest?
5.	Water Supply Is there an adequate supply of cooled drinking water nearby where you are working?                                                     Note:  The minimum requirement is for a cooled water supply in an insulated container within 100m of the workers. Tip: Carry a personal water bottle that you can regularly refill as this will encourage you to drink more frequently.  Use a new bottle each day.
6.	Clothing.     Have all employees been provided with a suitable hat (light color with wide brim) and baggy or loose clothing? Are they wearing their hat in the sun? Tip:   When in the sun, always wear your hat to protect you from the heat of the sun and possible long term health effects such as cancer.
7.	Stop Work Notice.  Do all employees know that they have the right to immediately stop working if they believe their health or life (or that of a colleague or passer-by) is at risk due to unsafe working conditions, such as heat stress? Tip:  All workers have the right to stop work where seriously concerned about safety.  They then report it to their foreman for appropriate action to be taken to make work safer.  Then they can start working again if safe to do so. In the summer months, workers at risk of heat stress should not work alone. Ensure all employees are informed during orientation, safety training & Tool-Box Talks of their right to stop work due to serious safety concerns. Any employee experiencing symptoms of a heat-related illness shall immediately stop work and report to his supervisor. The employee affected shall be allowed to fully recover in an appropriate recovery area before returning to work.
8.	First-Aid    Have all the workers been trained in how to recognize heat stress symptoms, basic first aid measures and are aware of the nearest medical facility and emergency contact arrangements? Does at least one team member carry a charged mobile phone with the emergency contact numbers (Safety Officer, emergency medical services & Project Manager’s numbers)?
9.	Complaints & Suggestions Does your foreman encourage complaints & suggestions from team members about heat stress safety each day at Tool-Box Talks? Does he respond to complaints and improve the safety measures above? Tip:   Get all employees to save the Safety Officer’s phone number and encourage them to contact him if they have any concerns or complaints about safety.

The 3 Biggest Concerns These are the biggest areas of non-compliance in Community Services at present.     Ensure your company implements all the advice given above and does not risk the lives of their employees. Poor management of heat stress can result in serious illness or death. v  Inadequate Rest Breaks - Ignoring the Red & Amber Zones requirements for increased rest breaks. v  Inadequate Access To Cool Water v  Inadequate Emergency Arrangements -       All workers must be adequately trained in basic first aid for heat stress and have emergency numbers saved on their mobile phones.

REFERENCE

   Update::20-Jan-2016           

Heat Stress Prevention

Unknown

Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

   Job Safety Analysis (JSA) - Training Sessions For Safety Communication Meetings

1.      Trg Objectives   

1

)    Describe what JSA is & why we use it

2 (1)    When To Conduct JSA

3 (2)    Explain differences in meanings of:

a.    Job

b.    Trades/Crafts

c.    Activity

d.    Hazard

e.    Risk

4 (3 )    Benefits of JSA

5 (4 )    The JSA Process

6 (5)    Practical Workshop - Use of JSA

JSA Made Easy - Designed For Safety Meetings

This has been designed to be a simplified version of JSA.  It can also be referred to as ‘Task Analysis’.

Aim        Aim of this session is to: ·         Encourage participation at weekly safety meetings in creating JSAs by teams ·         Involve everyone in hazard identification ·         Encourage ownership of outcomes of JSAs ·         Improve safety for those trades/crafts

2.    What Is JSA?

Job Safety Analysis is a process of identifying safety hazards and precautions by evaluating a job of its physical requirements, environmental conditions and safety factors in a sequence of

separate steps. In addition, JSA can be used as a practical way to identify, in addition to safety

hazards, quality and production problems of a specific task within a department, division or unit.

3.    When To Conduct JSA

The need to perform a JSA shall be considered at the planning stage and shall be

prepared for all work activities, which involve a significant risk, which are not

adequately controlled by existing control measures, such as operating procedures and

safe work practices, etc.

Activities requiring JSA shall include:

·         Jobs that are routine and have frequent accidents or near misses, even if the

degree of injury or damage is low.

·         Jobs that are non-routine, and have a potential for a very serious loss.

·         Jobs that are new or repetitive, and not covered by an operating procedure.

·         Other activities that are deemed necessary by the area JSA teams.

4.    Terms/Definitions

a.    Job:                 ‘piece of work’   ‘task’

b.    Trades/Crafts:  Specialist worker of the same group such as plumbers,  engineers, etc

c.    Activity:            Something done at work

d.    Hazard:            Something that can possibly cause harm or damage to property.

Instructor’s Note: Explain this as simply as possible as it is a major problem with various nationalities understanding the difference between trade, craft, job and activity.  If you can, try to avoid the term ‘job’.   ‘Job’ can mean ‘task’ or ‘trade’ so easier to refer to ‘activity’ or ‘task’. We all have ‘jobs’ such as a ‘trade’ or ‘craft’, but we all do different work ‘activities’ or ‘tasks’ during the day.

5.    Benefits of JSAs:

·         Raises awareness of various trades’ hazards

·         Creates awareness of various safety control measures

·         Involvement in the JSA process results in ownership if the outcome

6.    The JSA Process

1.    Select the job to be studied.

2.    Form a JSA Team with a Team Leader assigned.

3.    Select the people to be observed.

4.    Discuss the procedure with the employee performing the job and explain its purpose.

5.    Break the job down into steps.

6.    Check the step breakdown and sequence with the person(s).

7.    List the job steps on a record sheet (Supplement -2) as illustrated.

8.    Review each step for potential hazards then document the problems or hazards next

to the step. The JSA Checklist (Supplement -1) shall be used to assist the

identification of all possible hazards. Apart from potential personal injury, the potential

for mechanical or environmental damage shall also be considered. Each worksite has

its own requirements and environmental conditions. Considerations shall be given to

any special or unique hazards at the worksite.

9.    Develop control measures for the problems or hazards identified. These measures

may be design changes, equipment changes, procedure changes, or personal

protection.

10.  Record the control measures. Review the control measures (recommendations) with

all employees performing the job to seek for their inputs and understanding of what

changes are required.

11.  The listing of controls shall be restricted to mandatory items and the responsibilities for

the actions are to be defined.

7.    The Steps

·         List all trades/crafts in the company

·         Select a trade/craft

·         Brainstorm activities (from ‘clock in’ to clock out’)

·         Select activities with significant hazards

·         Chose an activity & list hazards

·         List existing control (safety) measures for that activity

·         Identify safety measures required

·         Add to Action Plan

8.    Practical Workshop

Instructor’s Note - Brainstorming Session ·         Provide a whiteboard or chart & pens ·         Try & get everyone involved ·         Select the trade ·         Use format of below to list ‘clock in time’, all the activities, through to ‘clock out’. ·         Teams of similar trades can be created and then given their own trade to JSA (preferably teams of 4 max)

Issue as a form to the groups:

Brainstorm Activities

Time	Activity	Hazard Y/N
Clock In
Clock Out

  Non-Routine Activities

Time	Activity	Hazard Y/N

                                                                                               

Give Example of Brainstorming

JSA – Painter Clock In:  0700 1.      1         7am, clocks in & has a coffee for the first 10 minutes 2.         He reports to the Maintenance Supervisor who issues him a job action sheet (his duties for the day) 3.         Goes to the Store & collects his materials - paints, thinners, glue, plaster, PPE, etc. 4.         Walks to the dept. where he is to work, carrying his equipment. 5.         He puts on his PPE. 6.         He clears the area, removes furniture, people, etc. 7.         He does a safety check - electrical hazards, etc. 8.         He prepares the area - cleaning, sanding, stripping old paint, plastering holes, repairs any damage, sanding down the surface for the new paint. 9.         He paints the area. 10.       On completion, it is inspected by the Maintenance Supervisor & Dept Supervisor. 11.       He fills in paperwork about the work he has done. 12.       He collects his materials, PPE & clears up the area. 13.       He returns to his store and cleans his equipment. 14.       He returns to his office and has a coffee before finishing his shift. Clock Out: 1700 Non-Routine Activities Painting external windows (height) - 2 days per month Painting in confined spaces    1-3 times per month Main Hazardous Activities 1)    Movement of equipment and materials. 2)    Preparing, decanting and mixing paints, glues and thinners. 3)    Cleaning equipment. 4)    Clearing work areas, removing furniture, people, etc. 5)    Preparing the surface area - cleaning, sanding, stripping old paint, plastering holes, sanding down the surface for the new paint. 6)    Painting.   Use of ladders. 7)    Working at heights (painting external windows) 8)    Working in confined spaces.

Instructor’s Note:  ·         We are only concerned with those activities that are potentially hazardous.  Delete those that are not. e.g. drinking coffee & filling in forms.   ·         Once the brainstorming session has been completed, the main hazardous activities have been identified, as well as existing control measures or those requiring to be implemented.  ·         A site visit can then be arranged where required to verify what happens in practice in the workplace. ·         Purpose of site visit is to watch the employees and see if anything has been missed. ·         Plan the visit so that more hazardous activities are seen.

Example of Action Plan Recommendations

·         Change/create written procedures

·         Improve Training

·         Improve Behavioral Problems

·         Facilities/Equipment Issues

Using The JSA Form

Instructor’s Note:  ·         Issue the form to the groups, 1 per group to be done as a group effort ·         Set the objective (task to be assessed) ·         If SOPs, Work Permit systems or General Instructions already exist, refer to them under ‘Controls’.

The Risk Management Process

Instructor’s Note:  ·         Issue the Risk Management Aid Memoir to the group ·         Get them to work together and go through all the parameters connected to the their assigned scenario operation

   REFERENCE

                                              Update::20-Jan-2016

Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

Unknown Thursday, August 25, 2016